Federal Tax Tables
The Federal Tax Tables summarise the income thresholds and marginal tax rates used to calculate United States federal income tax each year. They outline how taxable income is divided into brackets, how each portion of income is taxed, and how filing status affects the calculation. These tables offer a transparent, structured reference for anyone wanting to understand how their liability is determined, and they form the basis of all results generated by our Federal Tax Calculator.
Each year the IRS releases updated Federal Tax Tables to account for inflation, adjustments to deductions and credits, and relevant federal policy changes. These annual updates are typically published in November or December for use in the following tax year. If you are unfamiliar with how Tax Tables work or want to understand what information they contain, you can read our explanation below: What are Tax Tables?
Quick Access Tools
Tax Years
Select a tax year to view the exact federal tax rates used in our calculators, including the thresholds for each filing status, notes on IRS adjustments and a link to the matching Federal Tax Calculator for that year.
State Tax Tables
State income tax rules vary widely, with many states using their own progressive tables and some using flat-rate structures. Use the links below to access the Tax Tables for your chosen state. These pages also connect directly to each state's calculator so you can run personalised estimates.
What are Tax Tables?
Tax Tables are structured references created by the IRS that show how federal income tax is applied across different levels of taxable income. They organise income into ranges and assign a specific rate to the portion of income that falls within each bracket. This creates a progressive tax system, where higher income amounts are taxed at gradually increasing marginal rates rather than a single flat rate applied to all income.
The IRS updates these tables every year to reflect inflation adjustments, threshold changes, and policy updates enacted through federal legislation. Because only the income inside each bracket is taxed at that bracket’s rate, Tax Tables make it easy to understand how your total tax is calculated step by step. They also help employers determine withholding amounts and allow taxpayers to check their expected liability with accuracy.
Our Federal Tax Tables present the same IRS-published structure in a clear and accessible format, aligned with the calculations used in our Federal Tax Calculator. This ensures full transparency between the rates we apply and the official federal tax rules published for each tax year.
What Is Contained in Our Federal Tax Tables?
Each annual Federal Tax Tables page provides a complete view of the IRS rules used for that specific year. While the values differ year by year, the structure remains consistent and includes all major elements needed for accurate federal income tax calculation. These components cover:
- Federal tax brackets and marginal tax rates for all filing statuses (Single, Married Filing Jointly, Married Filing Separately, Head of Household, and Qualifying Widower).
- Threshold ranges that define the taxable income bands for each bracket.
- Standard deduction amounts for every filing status.
- Additional standard deduction for taxpayers aged 65+ or blind.
- Personal exemption rules where applicable for historic years.
- Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) thresholds, including maximum credits, phase-in levels, phase-out ranges, investment income limits, and qualifying child structures.
- Child Tax Credit and Additional Child Tax Credit rules, including phase-outs, refundability thresholds, and earned income requirements.
- Retirement contribution limits such as IRA and 401(k) caps, catch-up contributions, and phase-out bands.
- Social Security and Medicare withholding rules, including FICA rates, wage caps, and Additional Medicare threshold levels.
- Education-related deductions and exclusions including Student Loan Interest Deduction guidelines.
- Inflation-adjusted federal limitations such as phase-out caps, exemption reductions, and credit limits published annually by the IRS.
Together, these elements provide a full and transparent breakdown of how federal tax is calculated for each year. Whether you are comparing multiple years, preparing payroll, running scenarios, or validating your own tax return, our Tax Tables give an accurate and complete reference of the values used in our system.
For personalised results, you can run the calculation instantly using our Federal Tax Calculator, which applies the rates and thresholds shown in each year’s tables.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I estimate the General Business Credit?
Start with Form 3800 and then reflect the credit here.
How much would a 401(k) contribution change my net?
Model it with the 401(k) Calculator then rerun this page with your pre-tax amount.
Considering an IRS Offer in Compromise?
Read through Form 656-B to understand eligibility and steps.
What does FICA include?
FICA includes Social Security and Medicare payroll taxes withheld from employee wages.
Important Notes
All calculations are estimates for guidance only. Always review your return and consider professional advice when submitting official filings.